Fluid motor



May 18, 1955 c. E. BANNISTER 3,183,787

FLUID MOTOR A9 ATTO/PNE VJ May 18, 1965 c. E. BANNrs'n-:R 3,183,787

FLUID MOTOR Filed March 18. 1963 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 May 18, 1965 c. E. BANNISTER 3,183,787

FLUID MOTOR United States Patent 3,183,787 FLUID MTOR Clyde E. Bannister, 2727 Carolina Way, Housto'n, Tex. Filed Mar. 18, 1963, Ser. No. 265,839 21 Claims. (Cl. Sil-266) This invention relates to a uid pressure motor and more particularly to an oscillating motor driven by a motive fluid. This motor has particular application in the drilling of wells, as well as in other uses Where an oscillating force is desired.

The prior art fluid pressure motors have not been entirely successful for a number of reasons, one being that the fluid flow on opposite sides of an impeller blade has been controlled by valves which do not seat with the motive iiuid pressure and so do not adequately control the movement of uids. There has also been a problem in organizing a valve structure that would utilize the oscillation of the drive shaft to accomplish the movement of the valves.

Another particular problem is that many times when the motor is stopped, the cycle will be midway between the opening of one set of valves and the closing of another set of valves, such that it is diiiicult to start the motor up. In other words, it is desirable to have an oscillating motor whose valve structure is such that when the intake port to one side of the blade is opened the intake valve controlling the fluid flow to the opposite side of the blade will close immediately. Furthermore, by having this quick changeover or closing and opening of valves, the motor is more efficient because there is less loss of power during the reversal of the oscillation of the motor. The present invention overcomes these, as well as other problems, as will be evident from the description.

Prior United States patents by the applicant herein which should be considered in evaluating the present invention include: 2,254,641; 2,016,067; 2,002,386 and 1,965,564.

It is an object of the invention herein to provide the industry with an oscillating motor whose valve structure is arranged so that the valves seat with and in a direction generally parallel with the force exerted by the motive Huid.

It is another object to provide the industry with an oscillating motor wlr'ch is equipped with poppet valves for controlling the flow of motive iluid to the motor.

It is another object of this invention to provide an oscillating motor in which the valves controlling one side of the driving chamber are accelerated to a closed position immediately after the valves controlling the other side of the chamber are unseated.

It is still a further object of this invention to provide an oscillating motor which will withstand longer running periods than have heretofore been possible with oscillating motors of the fluid pressure type.

Another object of this invention is to provide a fluid pressure oscillating motor with electrically controlled valves.

These and other objects of the invention will be obvious by the description hereinafter and by reference to the drawings wherein the same numbers refer to identical parts in FIGS. 1-6 and in which:

FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a well bore showing in schematic form an elevational view of a drilling tool utilizing the oscillating motor of this invention positioned therein.

FIG. 1A is a sectional view taken along line 1A--1A of FIG. l.

FIG. 2 is a vertical section showing in detail the novel structure of one embodiment of the oscillating motor of this invention.

3,183,787 Patented May I, 1965 FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2'.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional View taken at line 4--4 of FIG. 2. i y x K FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at line 5-5 of FIG. 2.

FIG. 6 is a View similar to FIG. 2 showing` the Valve structure moved approximately one-half Cycle.

FIG. 7 is a schematic isometric view of the chamberv portion of the motor shown in FIG. 2, with the motor casing removed therefrom.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional View showing another em bodiment of the invention using electrically operated valve actuator means.

FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 7, showing the valve structure moved approximately one-half cycle.

Briefly stated, one embodiment of this invention is a fluid-actuated oscillating motor which is provided with a housing having a chamber and a drive shaft passing therethrough. An impeller blade is mounted on this shaft for dividing the chamber into two sections. Each of these sections has an intake port and an exhaust port. Each of the ports has a valve that seats with the fluid flow pressure. Each intake valve in one section is integral with the exhaust valve in the opposite section, for simultaneous opening and closing by actuation means compelled to move as an incident of the movement of the impeller blade. This actuation means may be either mechanical or electrical. Specific reference to the figures will explain the invention in further detial.

FIG. 1 generally shows a well bore 11 having a well tool suspended therein. The well tool consists of a tubular inertia barrel 12 suspended by flexible hose 13 formed with a weight bearing cable 14 having an electric cable 16 embedded therein. This weight bearing cable and flexible hose may be of the type shown in United States Patent No. 2,600,607. Flexible hose 13 is suspended over reel 17 and is connected to inertia barrel 12 by swivel i8. At the bottom of inertia barrel 12, the applicants invention in the form of an oscillating motor is shown in outline form. Projecting out of the motor is a drive shaft 19 to which is attached, through clutch 9, the coupling shaft 10 of drill bit 21. The drill bit 21 is rotatably supported by a bearing assembly 5 that surrounds coupling shaft Itl. The drill bit coupling shaft 10 has a central passage that exits at the bottom of drill bit 2.1., as viewed in FIG. 1, and communicates with the lower end of the motor to receive fluid exhausted therefrom.

The construction of a suitable drill bit, bearing assembly, and a clutch is not shown in detail, since prior patents, such as 2,016,067 describe these features.

In operation the motive fluid represented by arrow Z2 is forced down through flexible tube 13 through inertia barrel 12, into the motor, out the bottom thereof and through drill bit 21 (see dotted lines with arrows). The motor shaft 19 oscillates, causing drill bit 21 to oscillate, and thereby effecting a drilling operation. Inertia barrel 12 does not rotate during the drilling operation, since the mass overcomes the reaction of the oscillating drill bit 21. The fluid will then flow upwardly around drill bit 21 and outside of drill collar 12 carrying with it the residue of the drilling operation which is carried out by uid discharge channel 23 to a pit or the like.

Referring to FIG. 2, one embodiment of the structure of the invention comprises a motor casing 24 provided at its bottom with a lower drive shaft mount 25 in which is secured ball bearing 27 with drive shaft 19 journaled for rotation therein. The upper portion of drive shaft I9 is journaled for rotation in ball bearing 2S secured in upper drive shaft mount 29 secured to .motor vcasing 24.

.a Lower drive shaft mount 26 is provided with outlet passages 31 for exhaust of uids from the motor while upper drive shaft mount 29 is provided with inlet passages 32 for the admission of motive fluid intoY entry chamber 33.

The motor is provided with a housing, as best shown in FIG. 7, of generally cylindrical configuration with an intake block 34 and an exhaust block 36 coaxially spaced apart in motor casing 24. Valve rod block 37 is adjacent driving chamber 7 and between intake block 34 and exhaust block 36 and in which is positioned valve means which will be discussed hereinafter. Drive shaft 19 is rotatably mounted in the housing by Torrington bearings (not shown) located in blocks 34 and 36.

Secured to drive shaft 19 and mounted in the fluid driving chamber is impeller blade 3 (hereinafter referred to as blade) which divides the driving chamber 7 into two sections or portions, i.e. driving section 39a and driving section 39h, referring particularly to FIG. 5, and is arranged to oscillate therebetween.

Valve actuator means is provided which is compelled to move as an incident of the movement of blade 38 to control the movement of the valves. The valve actuator means may be either mechanically or electrically operated. The mechanical valve actuator means includes projecting means in the form of extensions 41a and 41h attached to upper ring 42 which is secured to drive shaft 19 for oscillation therewith. Extensions 41a and 41h are arranged to engage a lost-motion spring-loaded actuator assembly which oscillates as an incident to the oscillation of drive shaft 19. This actuator assembly is shown in the form of a knocker arm 43 which is pivotally mounted on motor casing 24 by pivot pin 44 secured to upper boss 46, as best shown in FIG. 3. The upper end of knocker arm 43 is contacted by extensions 41a and 41b during oscilla-v tion of drive shaft 13. The lower end of the knocker arm 43 is provided with ball-shaped post 47.

Knocker arm 43 is provided with a contact means in the form of a laterally projecting triangular portion identilied as knocker arm cam 48 which is designed to engage and move linkage means in the form of a generally horizontal rocker arm 49 during the last half of the movement of knocker arm 43 in each direction during oscillation.

Post 47 is in contact with an acceleration means in the form of compression spring 51 supported by lower ball shaped post 52 secured to motor casing 24 by boss pin 53 secured in lower boss 54. As will be described later, spring 51 is an over-center cocking spring which accelerates the movement of knocker arm 43 during the last half of the movement of the arm in each direction during oscillation.

Rocker arm 49 is pivotally mounted adjacent to knocker arm 43 by being secured to pivot pin 44 for rotation thereon.

One end of rocker arm 49 is secured to connecting rod 56a by upper swivel joint 57a and the other end to connection rod 5619 by swivel joint 57h. Connecting rods 56a and 56h are provided at their lower end with lower swivel joints 58a and 58h and secured to two valve members, which valve members take the form of a pair ofv cross-over valve rods identified as valve rod 59a and valve rod 5917. The connecting rods 56a and 56h and valve rods 59a and 59b are substantially rigid members that transmit a force from one end to the other without appreciable ilexing.

Valve rod block 37 has inclined channels 61, 62, 63 and 64 and valve rod chamber 66 therein through which valve rods 59a and 59b pass and thus cross-over. Valve rod 5917 has a yoke 67 through which valve rod 59a passes for movement therein. There can be, of course, other arrangements for the rods, rather than the yoke, so vthat,

they can still cross-over and be free to move independent' of each other.

Intake block 34 has intake port 68a communicating with chamber 39a and intake port @Sb communicating with chamber 39b. Each of the intake portsV has intake valve seats 69 and 71 and upper valve rod supports 72 and 73, the latter having channels 74 to permit a fluid flow therethrough and at the same time support valve rods 59a and 59h at their upper ends.

Exhaust block 36 is `Similarly formed with exhaust ports 76a and 76h. Each of these ports is provided with exhaust valve seats 77 and 78 and lower valve rod supports 79 and 81, which supports have channels 82 to permit a uid flow therethrough. Exhaust ports 76a and 76h communicate with manifold chamber 83 which is in communication with outlet passages 31 which permit the fluid to move out of the motor and through the drill bit coupling shaft 10.

Valve rods 59a and 59b each has secured thereto a pair of valves arranged in a spaced apart relationship for controlling the movement of motive fluid to the motor. These' valves take the form of intake valve 84a mounted on valve rod 59a and intake valve 84b mounted on valve rod 59b.

Exhaust valve 86a is mounted on valve rod 59b and exhaust valve 86h is mounted on valve rod 59a. Thus, it can be said that each of the valve rods 59a and 59b is supplied with a pair of valves, one valve of which controls the inlet of one fluid section and one valve which controls the outlet of the opposite fluid section.

The preferred form of theses valves are poppet valves (i.e. valves that rise generally perpendicularly to or from their seats) having a frusto-conical shape, which valves seat with the fluid flow pressure and in a direction generally parallel with the force exerted by the fluid pressure thereagainst. Standard slush pump valves produced by Mission Manufacturing Co., Houston, Texas, can be used. These poppet valves are so arranged on the valve rods that when the valve controlling the intake port of one section closes or opens, the valve controlling the exhaust port of the opposite section closes or opens, respectively.

An auxiliary valve unseating means can be employed to assist in unseating the valves, although this feature is not essential to the operation of the present invention. The auxiliary valve unseated means comprises lower ring S7 mounted on drive shaft 19 and provided with knocker lugs 88a and 88h, which lugs move with drive shaft 19 and are arranged to contact and oscillate auxiliary knocker arm 39Vwhich is pivotally mounted on support boss 91 secured to intake block 34 by pivot pin 92. Auxiliary knocker arm 89 is provided with two rigid assist forks 93a and 9311, each of which projects under and is in control with one of lower swivel joints 58a and 58h.

In operation, let it be assumed that the motor is in the position initially as shown in FIG. 2. Valve rod 59a is in an upward position thus causing intake port 68a and exhaust port 76h to be open. Conversely, valve rod 59b is depressed, thereby closing intake port 6812 and exhaust port 76a. Motive fluid is then forced down through flexible hose 13, through swivel 18 into inertia barrel 12 through inlet passages 32 and into entry chamber 33, which communicates with intake ports 68a and 6817.

Since intake port 68h is closed and intake port 68a is open, the motive fluid will be admitted to section 39a. Since exhaust port 76a is closed the motive iluid will urge blade 38 toward section 39b thus causing drive shaft 19 to rotate in the direction of arrow 94 shown on upper ring 42 in FIG. 2. Extension 41b thereafter contacts knocker arm 43 and rotates it right to left as viewed in FIG. 2. This movement causes the compression or cocking of accelerator compression spring 51 during movement to the over-center position.

When knocker arm 43 reaches the over-center position, knocker arm cam 48Ycontacts the lower edge of rocker arm 49 and cams it in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in FIG. 2. As rocker arm 49 is further cammed, connecting rod Sb lifts up on valve Vrod 59b and thereby unseats the valves connected thereto. In addition, after knocker arm 43 reaches the over-center position the movement thereof will be accelerated by the ex- Y to the motor.

pansion of compression spring 51. Considerable force is necessary to unseat the closed valves, but when they have been unseated, compression spring 51 can easily snap rocker arm 49 further in a counter-clockwise direction, causing connecting rod 55a and valve rod 59a to be forced downward seating the valves connected thereto. Thus, the closing of the opposite ports is accelerated once the unseating of one set of valves has been effected.

The actuator assembly is referred to as a lost motion assembly because knocker arm cam 48 does not contact rocker arm 49 until compression spring 51 is cocked, and thus the valves associated with each of the valve rods are not unseated during oscillation of actuator arm 43 until the acceleration spring '51 is cocked. This arrangement permits the rapid closing of one set of valves after another set has been open.

Because of the force needed to unseat the valves, there may be a heavy wear on connecting rods 56a and Sb, particularly if the iuid pressure used is high. To overcome this possibility, the auxiliary valve unseating means in the form of auxiliary knocker arm 89 previously described, can be used.

The auxiliary knocker arm S9 provides a positive unseating force close to the valve means, at the lower end of the connecting rods. The auxiliary knocker arm 89 andassist forks 93a and 9312 are designed and so arranged with respect to knocker lugs 83a and S815 to have the respective assist fork commence to pull up o-n the respective connecting rod lower swivel joint at the time actuator arm 43 is in a center position and knocker arm cam 48 first engages rocker arm 49. In FIG. 2 the knocker lug 8gb engages auxiliary knocker arm 89, rotating it from right to left, to the position shown in FIG. 6, thereby helping to unseat the valve 845.

As the motive fluid continues to ow into fluid section 39a, blade 38 is driven further in the direction of fluid section 3% and drive shaft 19 is further rotated therewith. Then as the valves are reversed, which position is shown in FIG. 6, motive iluid will thereafter be delivered to fluid section 3% since intake port 6817 has been opened and exhaust port 7517 has been closed. rIhus, blade 3 is driven in the reverse direction causing drive shaft 19 to rotate in the reverse direction until the cycle is completed. The various parts operate in the same manner during oscillation of the motor in each direction.

This motor corrects the deficiencies of the prior art in at least two respects; namely, both the intake ports and the exhaust ports are controlled by valves that are positioned to seat with the force exerted by the pressure of the motive uid thereagainst and in a direction generally parallel with that force. Stated another way, once one set or pair of valves are ufnseated, the other pair is urged to a seating position in a direction generally parallel with the force exerted by the fluid thereagainst, rather than in a direction partially opposed to the force exerted by the fluid flow. This greatly assists in a proper and quick seating of the valves and results in a more positive and secure closing.

Furthermore, the closing of one set of valves is accelerated after the other set of valves have been unseated because of the novel arrangement of the acceleration means previously described. Thus, the motor will almost instantaneously cause one set of valves to close when the other set has been opened. This means that during any shut-down and start-up operation, the motor will always be in a position where one driving chamber is ready to receive a motive fluid to start the motor. Thus, the motor is readily started by simply supplying a motive fiuid ow The electrical actuator means can be energized in response to the blade movement, to reverse the blade movement and cause the shaft associated with the blade to oscillate.

The electrical actuator means may include solenoids that open the input valve on one side of the blade and maintains this input valve open until the blade has substantially moved into the other section. At this time the other input valve is opened and the first mentioned input valve is closed. The alternate operation of the solenoids is responsive to the blade movement and provides a high oscillating speed for the motor shaft.

One suitable embodiment of electrical actuating means is illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, wherein a pair of solenoids having coils a and 96b surrounding, respectively, armatures 97a and 97b. Armatures 97a and 97h are connected to valve rods 98a and 9S!) by connecting rods 99a and 99h, respectively, the connections to the armatures and valve rods being of the swivel type. The valve rods 98a and 98h have intake valves Milla and 10111 respectively attached thereto, and the remaining lower portion of the motor is the same as in the embodiment of FIG. 2.

The solenoids are energized by a current Supplied through multi-conductor electric cable 16 embedded in weight bearing cable 14 and selectively connected by a switch means, illustrated as a heavy duty, single pole, double throw type switch 104, to coils 96a and 96h. Switch 104 is supported from motor casing 24 by a bracket (not shown) and has an operating arm 130, stationary contact terminals 119g and 119b, and a moving contact terminal 103.- The switch contact terminal 193 receives the current from cable 16 (connection is not shown) and is continuously connected through cable 131a to one end of solenoid coil 96a when switch arm 130 is thrown to the left, as shown in FIG. 8, and continuously connected to one end of coil 96h through cable 131b when thrown to the right. The return path for solenoid current is through the motor casing, via cables 132a and 132b to the multiconductor cable 16.

Switch 104 is operated in response to the movement of the blade by means of knocker arms 111:1 and 111b secured to the ring 112 mounted on drive shaft 113. Drive shaft 113 is mounted for rotation in a manner similar to the embodiment of FIG. 2, having upper bearing 114 means provided in upper support 11o which also has inlet passages 117 therethrough which admits pressurized uid to entry chamber 118.

yIt must be recognized that in construction of a motor according to the invention shown in FIG. 8, the electrical apparatus, including coils, switch connections and wires are all water tight, to prevent short circuit of the current. The switch 104 may be covered with a protective material as represented by the dotted lines 133, to protect the terminals.

In operation, let it be assumed that the motor is in the position shown in FIG. 8, the blade (not shown) being rotated to the left. Solenoid coil 96a is energized, since switch arm is in the right hand position and valve rod 98a is pulled up. Fluid forces the blade to the right, rotating drive shaft 113 and the knocker arm 111b. When the Vblade is substantially in the right hand section, as viewed in FIG. 8, the knocker arm 111k strikes the switch arm 13h, and moves it to the left. The current from cable 16 is then switched to energize solenoid coil 96h, pulling valve rod 98h up, and de-energizing solenoid coil 97h. Valve rod 98a is released and fluid pressure immediately closes the valves mounted thereon. The motor parts are now in the position as shown in FIG. 9. The motor operation reverses, since iiuid now forces the blade back into the left hand chamber. In this manner the solenoid coils are alternately energized to maintain the oscillating movement of the blade and driving shaft 113.

There are, of course, other switching means that could be used to .alternately energize the solenoid coils in response to the position of the piston. For'example, where the solenoids require large currents, it may be more convenient to have a switch, such as switch 104, operate a relay with single-pole double throw contacts that can easily handle large currents. Also, -other types of position sensing means can be used to activate the switch means in response to the location of the blade.

Another modication which may be used is to provide a valve actuation assembly on each end of the motor in which case one actuator assembly would control the intake valves and another actuator assembly would control the exhaust valves. Both valve assemblies can be arranged to operate in controlled relation as an incident of the movement of the blade as described above. ln this alternative arrangement, the exhaust valves can be unseated by being pushed upwardly from beneath. This embodiment of the invention is less desirable because of the necessity of maintaining very close control over the timing of the opening and closing of the valves.

There are, of course, many other modifications that could be made in the invention. For example, referring to FIG. 2, knocker arm cam 48 could be positioned above the rocker arm 49 and it would still cam rocker arm 49 in the same directions as previously taught.V

While the preferred valves are poppet valves, hinged flap valves can be used which are only partially seated with the uid ilow, although the poppet valves are preferred since the fluid ow is uniform around the entire circumference of the valve Vand it will seat more positively.

There are many uses to which the motor of this invention may be put. In certain instances Where very high pressures are to be used, as in drilling through hard formations, the motor may include turning bearings provided in the intake block and the exhaust block, to provide greater stability for oscillation of the drive shaft therein, and additional support for the valve rods.

Thus, a motor has been provided which has valves that are positioned to seat with and in a direction generally parallel to the force exerted by the motive fluid. Furthermore, the motor of this invention Vis arranged so that the seating of one set or pairs of valves is accelerated once the other set or pair -of valves is unseated, thereby overcoming two of the main disadvantages of the prior art oscillating fluid drive motors.

Further modifications may be made in the invention as are apparent to one skilled in the art after reading the foregoing description and the drawings, and these modiications do not depart from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the foregoing description is to be considered as illustrative only and is not to be construed as a limitation upon the invention as defined in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A uid actuated-oscillating motor, comprising:

an elongated housing having opposite ends and a chamber,

a shaft extending in the direction substantially of said housing elongation, rotatably supported in said housing chamber and having at least one end extending outward from one end of said housing for connection to an external load, A

a blade having exposed opposite sides of substantial area and extending from said shaft in said chamber to divide said chamber into separate lateral sections,

a conduit means for delivering a pressurized uid to the other end of said housing in a direction substantially parallel to said housing elongation,

a iirst valve means in said opposite housing end for introducing the pressurized fluid into said chamber on one side of said blade,

a second valve means in said opposite housing end for introducing the pressurized fluid into said chamber on the opposite side of said blade,

each of said iirst and second valve means having valves that seat substantially in the direction of iiuid iiow through said conduit means,

a third valve means in said'one housing end forv exiting fluid from said one side of said blade,

a fourth valve means in saidV one housing end for exiting uid from said opposite side of said blade,

each of said third and fourth valve means having valves that seat substantially in the direction of uid ilow through `said conduit means, t

'means for opening said first and fourth valve means, thereby forcing said blade to rotate said shaft in one direction under the influence of the lluid, and thereafter closing said iirst and fourth valve means and `opening said second and third valve means to rotate said shaft in the opposite direction under the influence of the uid, and continuing the alternate opening and ciosing of said valve means in the sequence as stated above,

whereby oscillating motion of said shaft is produced. 2. A uid pressure motor for oscillating a load cornprising:

a housing having a lluid chamber,

a blade mounted on a drive shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

each of said sections having a separate intake port and a separate exhaust port,

a first control means including a substantially rigid rod in said housing having two valves mounted thereon for controlling the opening and closing of said intake port in one section and said exhaust port in the other section,

a second control means including a substantially rigid rod in said housing having two valves mounted thereon for controlling the opening and closing of said intake port in said other section and said exhaust port in said one section, and

means for alternately actuating said first and second control means to oscillate said blade in said chamber when a motive iiuid is supplied to said housing.

3. A fluid-actuated oscillating motor comprising:

a housing having a chamber, v

a blade mounted on a drive shaft and dividing said chamber into a first section and a second section,

each of said sections having a separate intake port and a. separate exhaust port communicating therewith,

a iirst substantially rigid valve member mounted in said housing controlling the inlet port of said first section and the exhaust port of said second section,

a second substantially rigid valve member mounted in said housing controlling the inlet port of said second section and the exhaust port of said tirst section, and

actuator means compelled to move as an incident of the movement of said blade to control the movement of said valves.

4. A iiuid pressure motor comprising:

a casing dening a uid chamber,

a blade secured to a drive shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

each of said sections having an intake port and an exhaust port,

a valve means mounted in said motor to control said ports for actuation of the blade alternately in opposite directions, said valve means comprising a pair of valve rods that cross each other in said casing with two Valves mounted on each of said rods in spaced apart relationship.

Y 5. A fluid pressure motor comprising:

a housing having a chamber,

a shaft, t

a blade secured to said shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

each of said sections having an intake port and an exhaust port communicating therewith,

a pair of rigid, substantially straight valve rods that cross each other in said casing, each member of said pair being provided with one valve for vcontrolling an intake port of one of said sections and another valve for controlling the exhaust port of the other of said sections,

means for supporting said valve rods for lengthwise movement with substantially no lateral movement, and

an actuator means connected for movement with said a blade secured to said shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

each of said sections having an intake port and an exhaust port communicating therewith,

a pair of cross-over valve rods, each member of said pair being provided with one valve for controlling an intake port of one of said sections and another valve for controlling the exhaust port of the other of said sections, and

an electrically operated actuator means for controlling the movement of said valve rods whereby said blade is driven aiternately in oppo-site directions by a motive iluid.

7. A fluid pressure motor comprising:

a housing having a iiuid chamber,

a blade mounted on a drive shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

each of said sections having an intake port and an exhaust port,

two cross-over valve rods mounted in said motor,

each of said rods having two poppet valves mounted thereon, with one of said valves controlling an intake port of one of said sections and one of said valves controlling the exhaust port of the other of said sections, and

valve actuation means connected for movement with said shaft for controlling the movement of said valve rods, whereby said blade is ldriven alternately in opposite directions by a motive iluid.

8. A fluid pressure motor comprising:

a housing having a huid chamber,

a blade mounted on a drive shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections, Y

each of said sections having exhaust port,

two cross-over valve rods mounted in said motor,

each of said rods having `two poppet valves mounted thereon, with one of said valves controlling the intake port of one of said sections and one of said valves controlling the exhaust port of the other of said sections, and

an electrically operated actuator means compelled to move as an incident of the movement of Asaid blade to control the movement of said valve rods.

9. A fluid pressure motor comprising:

a housing having a uid chamber,

means for carrying motive iiuid to said housing, Y

a blade mounted on a drive shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

each of said sections having an intake port and an exhaust port,

two cross-over valve rods mounted in said housing,

each of said rods having two poppet valves mounted thereon, with one of said valves controlling the intake port of one or" said sections and one of said valves controlling the exhaust port of the other of said sections, and

an intake port and an Van electrically operated valve actuator means comprising a pair of solenoids, one of which is operab-ly arranged to move one of said rods and the other of which is operably arranged to move the other of `said rods, said solenoids being actuated as an incident of the movement of said blade and thereby control `the alternate opening and closing of said valves.

10. A iiuid pressure motor for oscillating a load comprising:

a housing having a chamber, a shaft,

*a blade attached to said shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

each of said sections having a separate intake port and a separate exhaust port,

means for controlling the passage of motive Huid into said sections, comprising a valve in each of said ports,

actuator means for each of said valves comprising,

means projecting from said shaft for movement therewith,

linkage means having a iirst force transmitting member in said housing with an intake valve of one section and an exhaust valve of another section attached lthereto and a second force transmitting member in said housing with the other intake and exhaust valves attached,

means for engaging said projecting means and moving said first and second members in response to movement of said shaft,

whereby said valves are controlled to oscillate said blade under the intluence of a motive iluid.

l1. A fluid pressure motor as claimed in claim 10 having a means controlled by the movement of said shaft to move the same one of said mem-bers as said engaging means moves, to aid in the unseating of said valves.

12. A fluid pressure motor comprising:

a housing having a chamber,

a shaft,

a blade attached to said shaft and dividing said charnber into two sections,

valve means comprising a pair of intake valves and a pair of exhaust valves provided in said housing for controlling the passage of motive fluids alternately to the two sides of the blade, and

valve actuator means comprising projecting means secured to said shaft Vfor oscillation therewith,

an actuator arm pivotally mounted in said motor and having a portion shaped for engagement with and oscillation by said projecting means,

a rocker assembly pivotally mounted adjacent said actuator arm and having separate rods mechanically coupled to one valve of one of said pair of valves and a valve of said other pair of valves for controlling the opening and closing thereof,

a cam provided on said actuator arm for rotating said rocker assembly.

13. A liuid pressure motor as claimed in claim 12 with an actuator assist means mounted on said motor and arranged to oscillate with said shaft and to engage the rods for assisting said rocker arm in the unseating of said valves, and

a spring connected to said actuator arm for accelerating the movement of said actuator arm in each direction during oscillation.

14. A fluid pressure motor for oscillating a load comprising:

a housing having a chamber,

a shaft,

a blade mounted on said shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

a pair of intake ports on one side of said housing, one for each of said sections, and a pair of exhaust ports, one for eachof said sections, provided in the opposite side of said housing,

means for carrying a pressurized fluid to said one housing side,

a pair of intake valves and a pairY of exhaust valves positioned for controlling said ports, all of said valves positioned to seat with and in a direction generally parallel with the force exerted by the fluid flow pressure,

a valve actuator means comprising,

a projecting means secured to said shaft for oscillation therewith,

a knocker arm pivotally mounted in said motor and having a portion shaped for engagement with and oscillation by said projecting means,

a linkage means pivotally mounted adjacent said knocker arm and having one end thereof connected to the intake valve of one section and the exhaust valve of the other section and the other end con nected to the other intake and exhaust valves,

means provided on said knocker arm for engaging and rotating said linkage means during the oscillation of said knocker arm.

15. A fluid pressure motor comprising:

a housing having a fluid chamber,

means for carrying motive fluid to said housing,

a blade mounted on a drive shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

each of said sections having an intake port and an exhaust port,

a pair of cross-over valve rods mounted in said housing motor, each member of said pair having one valve for controlling an intake port of one of said sections and another valve for controlling the exhaust port of other of said sections, and

valve actuator means comprising, Y

a projecting means secured to said shaft for oscillation therewith,

a knocker arm pivotally mounted in said motor and having one end shaped for engagement with and oscillation by said projecting means,

a linkage means pivotally mounted adjacent said knocker arm and having one end connected to one of said rods and the other end connected to the other rod,

means provided on said knocker arm for engaging and rotating said linkage means during the oscillation of said knocker arm.

16. A fiuid pressure motor as claimed-in claim 15,

wherein all of said valves areV poppet valves that seat with and in a direction generally parallel with the force exerted by the motive fluid.

17. A fiuid pressure motor comprising:

a housing defining an arcuate fluid chamber,

a shaft,

a blade secured to said shaft and dividing said chamber into two sections,

each of said sections having an intake port and an exhaust port communicating therewith,

a `pair of valve rods,

each of said rods being provided with one valve for controlling an intake port of one of said sections and another valve for controlling the exhaust port of the other of said sections,

said valve rods crossing each other in said housing,

' valve actuator means connected for oscillation with said shaft for controlling movement of said rods and the alternate unseating of said valves, and

means connected for oscillation with said shaft for accelerating the opening of seated valves.

18. A fluid-actuated oscillating motor comprising:

a housing having an arcuate chamber,

a piston mounted on a drive shaft and dividing said chamber into a first portion and a second portion, each of said portions having an intake port and an exhaust port communicating therewith, a first valve member controlling the inlet port of said first portion and the exhaust port of said Asecond portion,

a second valve member controlling the inlet port of t saidVv second portion and an exhaust port of said first portion, valve actuator means comprising,

projecting means secured to said shaft for oscillation therewith,

a lost-motion linkage means pivotally mounted adjacent said shaft and housing a knocker arm arranged for engagement with and oscillation by said projecting means, said linkage means having a pivotally mounted rocker arni with one end connected to said first valve member and another end connected to said second valve member,

means connected to said knocker arm for accelerating the movement of said knocker arm during the last half of the movement of said knocker arm in each direction during oscillation,

means provided on said knocker arm for engaging and rotating said knocker arm during the acceleration phase of the oscillation of said knocker arm.

19. A fluid-actuated oscillating motor comprising:

an elongated housing having opposite ends and a chamber,

a shaft, extending in the direction of said housing elongation, rotatably supported in said chamber for connection to an external load,

a blade mounted on said shaft and dividing said chamber into two lateral sections,

each of said sections having an intake port at one of said housing ends and an exhaust port at the other of said housing ends in communication therewith,

all of said ports being controlled by separate valves,

means for carrying a motive liuid in generally the direction of said housing elongation to said inlet ports,

each of said valves being arranged in said housing to seat with and in a direction generally parallel to said housing elongation,

means for actuating said valves in response to movement of said blade to oscillate said blade in said charnber when under the influence of said motive fluid.

20. A fluid-actuated oscillating motor comprising:

an elongated housing having opposite ends and a chamber,

a shaft extending in the direction of said housing elongation and rotatably supported in said chamber,

a blade mounted on said shaft and dividing said chamber into two lateral sections,

each of said sections having an intake port at one of said housing ends and an exhaust port at the other of said housing ends in communication therewith,

all of said ports being controlled by separate valves,

means for carrying a motive fiuid in generally the direction of said housing elongation to said inlet ports,

each of said valve being a poppet valve arranged in said housing to seat with and in a direction generally parallel to the direction of said housing elongation,

means for actuating said valves in response to movement of said blade in said chamber when under the influence of said motive uid to oscillate said blade in said chamber.

21. A duid-actuated oscillating motor comprising:

an elongated housing having opposite ends and a chamber,

a blade mounted ori a rotatable drive shaft and dividing said chamber into a first section and a second section,

each Vof'said sections having an intake port at one end of said housing and exhaust port at the other end of said housing communicating therewith,

a first substantially rigid valve member mounted Vin said housingcontrolling the inlet port ofrsaid first section and the exhaust port of said second section,

a second substantially rigid valve member mounted in said housing controlling the inlet port of said second section and the exhaust port of said first section, and each of said valve members includes valves arranged in said housing in a respective port to seat with and in a direction generally parallel to the elongation of said housing, and

actuator means compelled to move as an incident of the 13 14 movement of said blade to control the movement of 1,965,564 7/ 34 Bannister 92-125 said valve members. 2,002,386 5/ 35 Bannister 91-'175 References Cited bythe Examiner l; rloclf g r., ac er UNITED STATES PAIENTS 5 2,387,896 10/45 Giger 91-455 780,195 1/05 Kenrpmalln 91-266 2,393,805 1/46 Parker 91--455 840,886 1/07 Wllkms 91-265 2,619,076 11/52 Agin 91-271 917,092 4/09 Miller et al. 91-266 1,187,886 6/ 16 Brown et al. 91-455 FRED E. ENGELTHALER, Primary Examiner. 1,670,667 5/28 Oishei 91-266 10 1,900,268 3/33 Yungling 91-273 SAMUEL LEVINE, Examiner. 

3. A FLUID-ACTUATED OSCILLATING MOTOR COMPRISING: A HOUSING HAVING A CHAMBER, A BLADE MOUNTED ON SAID DRIVE SHAFT AND DIVIDING SAID CHAMBER INTO A FIRST SECTION AND A SECOND SECTION, EACH OF SAID SECTIONS HAVING A SEPARATE INTAKE PORT AND A SEPARATE EXHAUST PORT COMMUNICATING THEREWITH, A FIRST SUBSTANTIALLY RIGID VALVE MEMBER MOUNTED IN SAID HOUSING CONTROLLING THE INLET PORT OF SAID FIRST SECTION AND THE EXHAUST PORT OF SAID SECOND SECTION, A SECOND SUBSTANTIALLY RIGID VALVE MEMBER MOUNTED IN SAID HOUSING CONTROLLING THE INLET PORT OF SAID SECOND SECTION AND THE EXHAUST PORT OF SAID FIRST SECTION, AND ACTUATOR MEANS COMPELLED TO MOVE AS AN INCIDENT OF THE MOVEMENT OF SAID BLADE TO CONTROL THE MOVEMENT OF SAID VALVES. 